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Donald Trump’s new cryptocurrency has sparked a flood of imitators, with more than 700 copycat and spam coins sent to his digital wallet by people apparently seeking to suggest their creations have his endorsement, leading to warnings that investors risk being duped.
唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)的新加密货币引发了大量模仿者，有700多个山寨币和垃圾币被发送到他的数字钱包，这些人显然是想暗示他们的作品得到了他的认可，这导致了投资者有上当受骗风险的警告。
The findings are the result of a Financial Times analysis after the president and his wife Melania launched memecoins, which lack practical use and whose value is entirely underpinned by speculation, days ahead of his return to the White House last month.
这一结果是英国《金融时报》分析得出的，此前总统及其妻子梅拉尼娅在特朗普上月重返白宫前几天推出了迷因币，这些币缺乏实际用途，其价值完全由投机支撑。
The FT found 736 different memecoins that have been deposited in the official Trump coin wallet over the past three weeks. Among them, nearly 200 — including “OFFICIAL TRUMP” and “OFFICIAL MELANIA” — are named after Trump or members of his family but have no connection to the president.
英国《金融时报》发现，在过去三周里，有736种不同的迷因币被存入了特朗普的官方钱包。其中，包括“OFFICIAL TRUMP”和“OFFICIAL MELANIA”在内的近200枚迷因币以特朗普或其家庭成员的名字命名，但与总统毫无关系。
By creating a memecoin, Trump has “opened the floodgates to deception . . . and at a minimum to rampant speculation,” said Eswar Prasad, senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. He added that ordinary investors buying the copycat coins “just exposes them to enormous risk.”
布鲁金斯学会(Brookings Institution)高级研究员埃斯瓦尔•普拉萨德(Eswar Prasad)说：“通过创造迷因币，特朗普”打开了欺骗的闸门......至少也打开了投机猖獗的闸门”。他补充说，普通投资者购买山寨币“只会让他们面临巨大风险”。
The FT analysed the holdings of the official Trump coin wallet, which is controlled by entities backed by the president and holds 80 per cent of his token, with the aim of releasing them to investors in the future.
英国《金融时报》分析了特朗普官方币钱包的持有情况，该钱包由总统支持的实体控制，持有其80%的代币，目的是在未来向投资者释放这些代币。
After the real Trump coin was launched, the first so-called copycat coin was minted within 30 minutes, underscoring how rapidly creators sought to benefit from Trump’s interest in crypto.
在真正的特朗普币推出后，第一个所谓的山寨币在30分钟内就被铸造出来，这突显了创造者们是如何迅速地从特朗普对加密货币的兴趣中获益。
Memecoin creators are taking advantage of a function in Solana — the blockchain that underpins Trump’s memecoins — that allows users to dump new coins into another wallet without needing permission. Anyone can create a memecoin, with online generators helping users make them without needing any coding skills.
迷因币的创造者们正在利用Solana（支撑特朗普迷因币的区块链）中的一项功能，该功能允许用户在不需要许可的情况下将新币转入另一个钱包。任何人都可以创建迷因币，在线生成器可以帮助用户创建迷因币，而无需任何编码技能。
Appearing in a high-profile wallet such as the official Trump reserve increases the visibility of tokens and the possibility that traders may confuse them for official coins, or may give the illusion of official Trump backing, which could push up the price.
出现在特朗普官方储备等备受瞩目的钱包中，增加了代币的知名度，也增加了交易员将其误认为官方硬币的可能性，或者可能给人一种特朗普官方支持的错觉，这可能会推高价格。
“For the uniformed investor it’s very difficult to separate the genuine projects” from copycat coins, said Omid Malekan, adjunct professor at Columbia Business School.
哥伦比亚商学院的兼职教授奥米德•马雷坎表示：“对于缺乏经验的投资者来说，很难将真正的项目与山寨币区分开。”
Of the 192 tokens named after Trump or members of his family, 167 are copycat coins, while 67 use the word “official” in their name. There are 35 coins that contain the words “Elon” or “Musk” in their name, in apparent reference to the Tesla CEO and Trump ally.
在以特朗普或其家人命名的192个代币中，167个是山寨币，67个在其名称中使用了“官方”一词。有35枚硬币的名字中包含“埃隆”或“马斯克”字样，显然是指特斯拉首席执行官兼特朗普的盟友。
Members of Trump’s family who have not launched their own cryptocurrencies have also inspired unofficial coins that were dropped into the official wallet — 30 contain the word “Barron”, 26 contain the word “Ivanka” and ten contain the word “Eric”, referring to the president’s children.
特朗普家族中尚未推出自己加密货币的成员也激发了非官方硬币的灵感，这些硬币被投放到官方钱包中：30枚硬币中包含“巴伦”一词，26枚硬币中包含“伊万卡”一词，10枚硬币中包含“埃里克”一词，这都是总统子女的名字。
Twelve memecoins using the word “Melania” have also been deposited in the Trump wallet. None of these is the real $MELANIA coin, the only other official memecoin launched by a Trump family member.
特朗普钱包中还存入了12枚使用“梅拉尼娅”字样的迷因币。其中没有一个是真正的$MELANIA币——这是唯一一个由特朗普家族成员推出的官方迷因币。
The copycats “are drawing investor interest in something that . . . is clearly going to be the next bubble where people lose money”, said Danielle Brian, executive director at the Project On Government Oversight, a non-profit watchdog.
这些山寨币“正在吸引投资者对某种东西的兴趣，而这种东西......显然会成为下一个让人们赔钱的泡沫”，非营利性监督机构“政府监督项目”(Project On Government Oversight)执行董事丹妮尔•布莱恩(Danielle Brian)说。
Six of the coins deposited into Trump’s wallet use the same name and symbol as the official Trump coin, while eight feature the “fight” slogan used on the coin’s supporting image. Other coins include “Trump King”, “Trump Kicks Biden”, “OFFICIAL HITLER” and “POO COIN”.
在存入特朗普钱包的硬币中，有六枚使用了与特朗普官方硬币相同的名称和符号，有八枚使用了硬币配图上的“战斗”口号。其他硬币包括“特朗普国王”、“特朗普踢拜登”、“官方希特勒”和“便便币”。
The FT’s analysis found a number of unusual transactions. For instance, around eight minutes after the creation of an “Official Trump” copycat coin, one account bought $100,000 of the fake coin, only to sell all of the holding 12 seconds later for a slight loss. The intention behind the trade is unclear.
英国《金融时报》的分析发现了一些不寻常的交易。例如，在“特朗普官方”山寨币诞生约8分钟后，一个账户买入了10万美元的假币，但12秒后又以微亏的价格卖出了所有持有的假币。交易背后的意图尚不清楚。
Most of the coins are also extremely illiquid, making it difficult to accurately value the tokens dropped into the wallet.
大多数硬币的流动性也极差，因此很难对投进钱包的代币进行准确估值。
The stock of “OFFICIAL BARRON TRUMP” coins — named after the president’s youngest son — in the president’s wallet is notionally valued at around $6bn, according to Solscan, a crypto analytics platform, based on the last transaction price.
根据加密货币分析平台Solscan的数据，以总统小儿子的名字命名的“OFFICIAL BARRON TRUMP”币在特朗普钱包中的存量价值约为60亿美元，这是根据最后一笔交易的价格计算的。
But the token has not traded since January 21 and the largest transaction that has taken place was for $242.
但自1月21日以来，该代币就没有进行过交易，发生的最大一笔交易价格为242美元。
Gettrumpmemes.com, the website of President Trump’s official coin, did not respond to requests for comment.
特朗普总统官方代币的网站Gettrumpmemes.com没有回应置评请求。
Some crypto exchanges have become overwhelmed by the number of tokens being made.
一些加密货币交易所因代币数量过多而不堪重负。
Brian Armstrong, chief executive of Coinbase, recently said the company needs to rethink its token listing process “given there are [about] 1mn tokens a week being created now, and growing.
Coinbase首席执行官布莱恩•阿姆斯特朗(Brian Armstrong)最近表示，“考虑到现在每周都有100万个代币诞生，而且还在不断增加”，该公司需要重新考虑其代币上市流程。
“Evaluating each one by one is no longer feasible,” he added.
他补充道：“逐一评估已不再可行。”
Additional reporting by Chris Cook
Chris Cook补充报道
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